Galesville is an unincorporated town and census-designated place in Anne Arundel County, Maryland, United States. As of the 2010 census, it had a population of 685.Galesville is located at 3850'35" north, 7632'37" west, along the western shore of the West River, an arm of the Chesapeake Bay. By road it is about 14 miles south of Annapolis, the state capital.