Galesville is an unincorporated town and census-designated place in Anne Arundel County, Maryland, United States. As of the 2010 census, it had a population of 685.Galesville is located at 38°50'35" north, 76°32'37" west, along the western shore of the West River, an arm of the Chesapeake Bay. By road it is about 14 miles south of Annapolis, the state capital.